11 February 2022: Clinical Research
Estimation of 24-h Urine Protein Excretion Using Urine Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio from an In-Hospital Population
Xin Liu 12BCDEF , Yonghong Zhao 3CDE , Yunlin Feng 24ACDEF*DOI: 10.12659/MSM.934307
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e934307
Table 1 Characteristics of the study population.
| Variables | Total population (n=906) | Development population (n=639) | Validation population (n=267) | Test | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P-value* | Statistic** | ||||
| Source, n (%) | 0.682 | 0.168 | |||
| Out-patient | 474 (52) | 331 (52) | 143 (54) | ||
| In-patient | 432 (48) | 308 (48) | 124 (46) | ||
| Sex, n (%) | 0.619 | 0.247 | |||
| Male | 455 (50) | 317 (50) | 138 (52) | ||
| Female | 451 (50) | 322 (50) | 129 (48) | ||
| Age(y), median (IQR) | 45 (27) | 45 (28) | 45 (27) | 0.770 | 84257 |
| Department, n (%) | 0.951 | 0.004 | |||
| Internal medicine | 805 (89) | 567 (89) | 238 (89) | ||
| Others | 101 (11) | 72 (11) | 29 (11) | ||
| Diagnosis, n (%) | 0.855 | 0.033 | |||
| Disease-related | 684 (75) | 484 (76) | 200 (75) | ||
| Examination | 222 (25) | 155 (24) | 67 (25) | ||
| Spot urine albumin (mg/L), median (IQR) | 184.60 (740.65) | 193.00 (709.50) | 143.70 (840.20) | 0.652 | 0.452 |
| Spot urine creatinine (μmol/L), median (IQR) | 6791.00 (4785.75) | 6723.00 (4608.00) | 6868.00 (4977.000) | 0.435 | 0.780 |
| Urine ACR (μg/mg), median (IQR) | 247.99 (932.11) | 250.30 (991.75) | 236.37 (889.38) | 0.931 | 85616 |
| 24h UPE(g), median (IQR) | 0.51 (1.55) | 0.52 (1.69) | 0.50 (1.38) | 0.881 | 84767 |
| * Development population vs Validation population. ** For continuous variables, statistics derived from Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test. For categorical variables, statistics derived from χ Test. ACR – albumin/creatinine ratio; IQR – interquartile range; n – number; SD – standard deviation; y – years; 24h UPE – 24 hour urine protein excretion. | |||||