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16 December 2018 : Clinical Research  

Prolactin and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Levels and Sexual Dysfunction in Patients with Schizophrenia Treated with Conventional Antipsychotic Medication: A Cross-Sectional Study

Yunqiao Zhang1ABCDEFG, Zhen Tang2ABEG, Ye Ruan3ABG, Chaohong Huang3ABD, Jie Wu1ABC, Zixiang Lu4ABD, Wang Li5AF, Yan Tang3BF, Jianping Liu1BD, Jixiang She3AB, Ting Ting Wang1BF, Yu Zhu6CD, Zhao Wei Teng1ABDEG*, Yong Zeng1ABEFG

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.913759

Med Sci Monit 2018; 24: CLR9136-9143

Abstract

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum profiles of prolactin and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and sexual dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia treated with conventional antipsychotic medication.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional study included 118 patients, age range 18–57 years (55 men, 63 women), with a confirmed diagnosis of schizophrenia. All patients were stable after antipsychotic treatment. Serum levels of hormones, including prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), progesterone, testosterone, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4), were detected in venous blood. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score was used to measure symptom severity of patients with schizophrenia. The Mandarin Chinese version of the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX), a 5-item scale, was used to measure sexual function.

RESULTS: There were 66 patients (55.9%) who had hyperprolactinemia, the prevalence of hyperprolactinemia was markedly higher in the sexual dysfunction group than the non-sexual dysfunction group (91.8% vs. 17.5%) (P<0.001). Mean prolactin levels were significantly increased in patients with sexual dysfunction compared with the patients without sexual dysfunction (P<0.001), with a higher incidence in female patients. Subclinical hypothyroidism and hyperprolactinemia were found to be independently associated with sexual dysfunction, and an increased PANSS negative score was an independent risk factor for the development of sexual dysfunction.

CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of sexual dysfunction was significantly increased in patients with schizophrenia. Hyperprolactinemia and subclinical hypothyroidism were associated with sexual dysfunction, especially in female patients.

Keywords: Antipsychotic Agents, hyperprolactinemia, Schizophrenia, Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750